Metabolic Diseases: Updates and Systemic Interventions

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Metabolic Diseases: Updates and Systemic Interventions
Speaker: Tracy Offerdahl, PharmD
Hours: 2hrs | 94797-PH

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This course reviews common metabolic diseases, including diabetes mellitus (Type 2), hyperlipidemia, and thyroid disease. This course will describe recent updates in treatment guidelines and side effects associated with medications used in these diseases, as well as a discussion about the impact of epigenetics. Patient case anecdotes will be integrated into the presentation, where differential diagnosis and work-up will be discussed.

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Quiz

1. Which of the following agents is a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Receptor Agonist (GLP1-RA) AND a Glucose Insulinotropic Peptide (GIP) Agonist?*

A - Metformin (Glucophage)

B - Semaglutide (Ozempic)

C - Tirzepatide (Mounjaro)

D - Glimepiride (Amaryl)

2. Which of the following agents is available under the brand name “Wegovy” for weight loss?*

A - Metformin (Glucophage)

B - Semaglutide (Ozempic)

C - Tirzepatide (Mounjaro)

D - Glimepiride (Amaryl)

3. Which of the following agents is a biguanide agent used in the treatment of diabetes?*

A - Metformin (Glucophage)

B - Semaglutide (Ozempic)

C - Tirzepatide (Mounjaro)

D - Glimepiride (Amaryl)

4. Which of the following agents is a sulfonylurea used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?*

A - Metformin (Glucophage)

B - Semaglutide (Ozempic)

C - Tirzepatide (Mounjaro)

D - Glimepiride (Amaryl)

5. Which of the following classes may cause a transient worsening of diabetic retinopathy in some patients?*

A - Biguanides

B - GLP1-Receptor Agonists

C - Diuretics

D - Beta blockers

6. Which of the following classes may cause a non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in some patients?*

A - Biguanides

B - Acetaminophen

C - Insulin

D - GLP1-Receptor Agonists

7. Which of the following side effects is NOT one that is seen in patients using Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Receptor Agonists (GLP1-RA) AND a Glucose Insulinotropic Peptide (GIP) Agonists (ex. semaglutide, etc.)?*

A - Gain of skeletal muscle mass

B - Loss of skeletal muscle mass

C - Gallbladder issues

D - Gastrointestinal problems (“frozen gut”)

8. Which of the following is a contraindication for use of a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Receptor Agonists (GLP1-RA) AND a Glucose Insulinotropic Peptide (GIP) Agonists in patients?*

A - Hypothyroidism

B - Medullary thyroid cancer

C - Obesity

D - Age

9. Increasing which system seems to be most beneficial in patients with Type 2 diabetes and/or obesity?*

A - Pancreatic function

B - Cardiac function

C - Thyroid system

D - Incretin system

10. Which of the following is a proposed or actual benefit for using Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Receptor Agonists (GLP1-RA) AND a Glucose Insulinotropic Peptide (GIP) Agonists in patients?*

A - Anti-cancer benefits

B - Weight loss benefits

C - Longevity benefits

D - All of the above

11. The pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes is typically most associated with:*

A - Lack of insulin

B - Insulin resistance

C - Low body weight

D - None of the above

12. Which of the following is NOT considered to be part of the “definition” of metabolic syndrome?*

A - Abdominal obesity

B - Insulin resistance

C - Diastolic blood pressure > 80 mmHg

D - Low HDL

13. Which of the following agents works on the incretin system?*

A - Glipizide

B - Metformin (Glucophage)

C - Canagliflozin (Invokana)

D - Semaglutide (Ozempic)

14. Which of the following “statins” is the most potent, and has additional benefits other than lowering the cholesterol (eg. anti-inflammatory)?*

A - Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

B - Rosuvastatin (Crestor)

C - Simvastatin (Zocor)

D - None of the statins have additional benefits other than lowering the cholesterol

15. Generally speaking, what percent do our genetics contribute to our risks for diseases and conditions?*

A - 100%

B - 50%

C - 8%

D - Not quantifiable

16. Which of the following terms is defined as “the measure of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health”?*

A - Exposome

B - Past medical history

C - Genetics

D - Antioxidant

17. What is the Brand/Trade name for tirzepatide that is indicated for weight loss?*

A - Ozempic

B - Wegovy

C - Mounjaro

D - Zepbound

18. Empagliflozin (Jardiance) is a member of which class of agents?*

A - Biguanides

B - Sodium-glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i)

C - Sulfonylureas

D - Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 Inhibitor (DPP4i)

19. What happens if your body has too many cells with oxidative stress?*

A - It will scavenge for antioxidants

B - It will replicate damaged cells

C - Inflammatory diseases/conditions can develop

D - All of the above may happen

20. Which of the following statements is true regarding “biologics”?*

A - They are made from living organisms

B - They tend to be very large biochemical structures

C - They tend to be immunomodulating

D - All of the above are true regarding biologics

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As a result of this lecture, I have a better understanding of epigenetics and how it relates to health and outcomes to health:*

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As a result of this lecture, I have a better understanding of Biologic Drugs versus Small Molecule Drugs*

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As a result of this lecture, I have a better understanding of the Metabolic Syndrome:*

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As a result of this lecture, I have a better understanding of the incretin mimetics - glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agents:*

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